Leoatleng le leholo, lebōpong la leoatleLi-platform tsa oli li eme joaloka lihlekehleke tsa tšepe, li jara boikarabelo bo boima ba ho hlahloba le ho hlahisa oli le khase. Lihlekehlekeng tsena tse arohaneng, ho na le sesebelisoa se tsejoang e le "setsi sa matla sa lebōpo la leoatle" - lerakoKreine ea Boom. Ke e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa tlhahiso le polokeho ts'ebetsong ea oli ea leoatleng, e ikarabellang bakeng sa mesebetsi eohle ea ho phahamisa sethaleng hammoho le phetisetso ea thepa le basebetsi lipakeng tsa sethala le likepe tsa tšehetso. Sengoloa sena se fana ka selelekela se hlophisitsoeng sa litšobotsi tsa sebopeho, melemo ea mantlha, maemo a ts'ebeliso, le lintlha tsa bohlokoa tsa khetho ea li-crane tsa lattice boom.
I. Kreine ea Lattice Boom ke Eng?
Kreine ea lattice boom, e tsejoang hape e le kreine ea lattice-boom, ke e 'ngoe ea mefuta e meholo ea meaho ea li-crane tsa sethala sa leoatleng. Boom ea eona e sebelisa sebopeho sa lattice - se hahiloeng ka lipeipi tse ngata tsa tšepe kapa likarolo tsa tšepe tsa meaho tse hokahantsoeng ka ho tjheseletsa kapa ho tjheseletsa, ho etsa moralo oa gridi e bulehileng. Moralo ona o ikhethang oa meaho o e fa boemo bo ke keng ba nkeloa sebaka lefapheng la boenjiniere ba leoatleng.
Likereine tsa sethala sa kantle ho naha li ka aroloa ka lihlopha tse kang telescopic boom, lattice boom, leBoom ea Knucklemefuta e ipapisitseng le sebopeho sa sebopeho. Har'a tsena, mofuta oa lattice boom, o nang le bokhoni ba ho phahamisa boima bo phahameng le sebaka se seholo sa ho sebetsa, e se e le khetho e ratoang bakeng sa ho phahamisa lithane tse kholo lipolaneteng tsa oli tse lebōpong la leoatle.
II. Sebopeho sa Sebopeho sa Li-crane tsa Lattice Boom
Kreine e tloaelehileng ea sethala sa lattice boom offshore e na le likarolo tse latelang tsa mantlha:
Sethala sa ho seha: Yuniti ea motheo ea kreine, e bolokang ntlo ea mechini, ntloana ea basebetsi, foreimi ea A, le winch ea ho luffing, har'a likarolo tse ling tsa mantlha.
Boom ea lattice: E na le leoto la boom (le nang le li-winch tsa lihokelo tse ka sehloohong le tse thusang) le hlooho ea boom (e nang le lihokelo tse thusang le li-block tsa lihokelo). Boom e sebelisa sebopeho se bulehileng sa lattice, e fokotsa boima ba 'mele haholo ha e ntse e boloka matla.
Adaptara ea lipedestal: E sebetsa e le sebopeho sa ho kenya bareki, e laola sebaka sa kopano ea lesale la ho thellisa ho netefatsa hore bearing e bophara bo boholo e lekana hantle.
Sistimi ea motlakase: E ka tsamaisoa ke diesel-hydraulic kapa motlakase-hydraulic. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, litharollo tsa motlakase o felletseng le tsona li hlahile, li fihlella ts'ebetso e se nang oli, e nang le matla a tlase, e bolokang tikoloho.
Ntlo ea mosebelisi: E na le sethibela-molumo, li-wiper tsa fensetere ea koloi le moea o pholileng ho netefatsa hore mosebelisi o ikutloa a phutholohile ebile a sireletsehile maemong a lerata le a leholimo a thata.
Sistimi ea taolo: E kopanya mesebetsi e bohlale joalo ka ho beha leihlo ho feta tekano, ho thibela ho thulana, le ho hlahloba hole.
III. Melemo ea Bohlokoa ea Li-crane tsa Lattice Boom
Taolo ea li-crane tsa lattice boom liforomong tsa oli tse lebōpong la leoatle e bakoa ke melemo ea tsona e ikhethang ea ts'ebetso:
1. Boima bo bobebe, ho tiea hantle, le bokgoni bo matla ba ho phahamisa
Moralo oa gridi e bulehileng ea sebopeho sa lattice o fana ka ho tiea ho hoholo ha sebopeho le bokhoni ba ho jara mojaro ka tšebeliso e tšoanang ea thepa ha e bapisoa le li-boom tsa mofuta oa lebokose. Li-boom tsa lattice li bobebe ka bokhoni bo lekanang ba ho phahamisa, e leng sa bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea lebopong la leoatle moo meroalo ea sethala sa sethala e leng bonolo haholo.
2. Mefuta e mengata ea ho sebetsa le bophahamo bo phahameng ba ho phahamisa
Li-boom tsa lattice li ka fihlella bolelele ba radii e sebetsang le bophahamo ba ho phahamisa bo fetang haholo ba mefuta e meng ea li-boom. Lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng li fana ka bolelele bo phahameng ba radii ea ho sebetsa ba limithara tse 50 kapa esita le ho feta limithara tse 70, li koahela habonolo sekhutlo se seng le se seng sa sethala sa sethala le libaka tsa ho phahamisa lipakeng tsa sethala le likepe tsa phepelo.
3. Khanyetso e phahameng ea moea
Sebopeho sa lerako se na le coefficient e tlase haholo ea ho hula ho feta mehaho ea mofuta oa lebokose, e leng se etsang hore se se ke sa angoa haholo ke meea e matla ea lebopong. Ena ke monyetla oa bohlokoa oa polokeho bakeng sa liforomo tsa oli tsa lebopong tse tobanang le liphephetso tsa selemo ho pota tse tsoang maholiotsoaneng le lipula tsa monsoon.
4. Ho ikamahanya le maemo a feteletseng a leoatle
Ho tloha metsing a chesang le a mongobo a tropike ho isa ho a batang a Arctic, li-crane tsa lattice boom, tse nang le meralo ea tsona e ikhethang le thepa ea boleng bo holimo, li ka sebetsa ka botsitso maemong a fapaneng a leholimo le a leoatle. Likarolo tsohle tsa mechini li bolokiloe ka har'a mabokose a koetsoeng, e leng se sireletsang ka katleho khahlanong le mafome a spray ea letsoai la leoatleng.
5. Tlhokomelo e bonolo le bophelo bo bolelele ba tšebeletso
Likarolo tsohle tse tsamaeang li tlotsoa ka oli kapa mafura, e leng se fokotsang haholo ho tsofala ha likarolo le ho lelefatsa bophelo ba lisebelisoa. Bearing ea ho slewing e ka hlomelloa ka sesebelisoa sa ho tlotsa se iketsang le lisebelisoa tsa ho kenya tse ling sebakeng sa eona, e leng se lumellang basebetsi ba tlhokomelo ho nkela likarolo tsa bohlokoa sebaka ka potlako ntle le ts'ebetso e rarahaneng.
IV. Liparamente tse Tloaelehileng tsa Tekheniki le Litlhaloso tsa Sehlahisoa
Litlhaloso tsa tekheniki tsa likereine tsa lattice boom offshore li akaretsa mefuta e mengata haholo. Ha re nka lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng 'marakeng e le mehlala:
- Bokgoni ba ho phahamisa: Moroalo o Sireletsehileng wa ho Sebetsa (SWL) o tloha ho ditone tse 20 ho isa ho tse 300, mme mehlala e meng e meholo haholo e fihla ho ditone tse 1,200.
- Radius e sebetsang: Boholo bo ka fihla ho limithara tse 50 ho isa ho tse 70.
- Winch e thusang: Hangata e hlomelloa, e nang le bokgoni ba ho phahamisa ho fihlela ho ditone tse 30 tsa SWL, e eketsa ho tenyetseha ha tshebetso.
- Tlhophiso ea motlakase: Drive ea diesel-hydraulic kapa ea motlakase-hydraulic e khethiloeng; bahlahisi ba bang ba hlahisitse litharollo tsa drive ea VFD ea motlakase ka botlalo.
Ha re nka mohlala oa crane ea MAXTECH ea lattice boom crane ea lithane tse 10, liparamente tsa eona tsa bohlokoa tsa tekheniki li kenyelletsa: SWL ea lithane tse 10, lebelo la ho phahamisa la 2–14 m/min, lebelo la ho phunya la 0.2–14 m/min, lebelo la ho slewing la 0.3 rpm, radius e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea limithara tse 30, radius e fokolang ea limithara tse 8, le matla a enjene a 110 kW. Letoto la crane ea lattice boom ea MAXTECH le etselitsoe ka ho khetheha liforomo tse phaphametseng kapa tse tsitsitseng lebōpong la leoatle, tse nang le bokhoni ba ho phahamisa bo tlohang ho lithane tse 50 ho isa ho tse 300 tsa SWL.
V. Maemo a Tloaelehileng a Tšebeliso
Li-crane tsa lattice boom li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng lipolaneteng tsa oli tse lebōpong la leoatle:
Ho kenya le ho nkela disebediswa tse kgolo sebaka: Ho kenya le ho nkela disebediswa tse kgolo sebaka nako le nako dipolatefomong tsa oli, tse kang di-module tsa ho tjheka, dijenereithara, di-separator le di-compressor sebaka, ho hloka bokgoni ba ho phahamisa ba dithane tse kgolo, bo fihlang hole – mesebetsi eo di-crane tsa lattice boom e leng yona feela kgetho e sebetsang.
Kaho ea sethala le ho phahamisa li-module: Nakong ea kaho ea li-platform tsa oli tse lebōpong la leoatle, li-crane tsa lattice boom li ikarabella bakeng sa ho phahamisa li-module tse kholo tsa sethala ho tloha likepeng tsa lipalangoang ho ea libakeng tsa tsona tsa ho kenya. Li-crane tse ling tse kholo haholo tsa lattice boom li ka ba tsa finyella "kaho ea li-platform tse lebōpong la leoatle" - ho bokella sethala sohle mobung le ho se phahamisa ka metsing e le yuniti e felletseng.
Phepelo ea thepa ea letsatsi le letsatsi sethaleng: Likepe tsa phepelo li tlisa lijo, lisebelisoa, liphaephe le lisebelisoa tse ling sethaleng khafetsa. Likereine tsa lattice boom li sebelisoa ho fetisetsa lisebelisoa tsena ho tloha setsing sa likepe ho ea setsing sa sethala.
Phetisetso ea basebetsi: Ha basebetsi ba hloka ho fetisetsoa sethaleng ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng ho tloha likepeng, mosebetsi oa ho phahamisa basebetsi oa li-crane tsa lattice boom o fana ka tharollo e tšepahalang.
Tlhokomelo ea liphaephe le lisebelisoa: Mesebetsi e kang ho nkela liphaephe sebaka le ho lokisa lisebelisoa sethaleng hangata e hloka ho phahamisa likarolo kapa lisebelisoa ho tloha sethaleng ho ea sebakeng sa mosebetsi. Kabo e kholo ea li-crane tsa lattice boom e fana ka melemo e meholo maemong a joalo.
VI. Maemo a Moralo le Tlhahiso
Moralo, kaho le liteko tsa li-crane tsa lattice boom bakeng sa li-platform tsa oli tse lebōpong la leoatle li tlameha ho latela ka tieo maemo le litlhaloso tse amoheloang machabeng:
API Spec 2C (Tlhaloso bakeng sa Dikerene tse Kentsweng Dipedestal Tse Tswang Offshore): E ntshitswe ke American Petroleum Institute, ena ke tekanyetso e nang le matla a ho fetisisa lefapheng la dikerene tse tswang oshore, e fanang ka ditlhoko tse qaqileng bakeng sa moralo, kaho le teko ya dikerene tse kentsweng dipedestal.
EN 13852-1: Tekanyetso e akaretsang ea Europe bakeng sa likerene tse tsamaeang leoatleng.
Setifikeiti sa mokhatlo oa lihlopha: Hangata lihlahisoa li hloka tumello ho tsoa mekhatlong e meholo ea lihlopha joalo ka ABS (American Bureau of Shipping), CCS (China Classification Society), BV (Bureau Veritas), le DNV (Det Norske Veritas).
Ho phaella moo, bakeng sa dikereine tse sebediswang sepakapakeng se ka bang le diqhomane, ditlhoko tsa setifikeiti sa ATEX se thibelang ho phatloha le tsona di lokela ho fihlellwa.
VII. Bahlahisi ba ka Sehloohong le Sebaka sa 'Maraka
Mmaraka oa lefats'e oa likerene tsa sethala sa leoatleng tsa lattice boom o laoloa ke lik'hamphani tse 'maloa tse tummeng machabeng:
Liebherr: Likereine tsa eona tsa BOS tsa lattice boom li fana ka bokgoni bo phahameng ba ho phahamisa ba ho fihla ho lithane tse 150 le radii e sebetsang ea ho fihla ho limithara tse 72, tse nang le moralo oa ho phunya thapo ea terata ea A-frame 'me li fumaneha ka likhetho tsa ho khanna ka diesel-hydraulic le electric-hydraulic.
PALFINGER: Likereine tsa eona tsa lattice boom tse qhibilihisang thapo ea terata li fana ka linako tsa ho phahamisa ho tloha ho 4,000 ho isa ho 30,000 kNm, ka bokhoni ba ho phahamisa ho fihlela lithane tse 100 le mahlaseli a sebetsang ho fihlela ho limithara tse 70. Tharollo ea eona ea motlakase oa VFD drive e fihlella ts'ebetso e se nang oli, e nang le matla a tlase, e mosa tikolohong.
MacGregor: Letoto la eona la crane la lattice boom (LBC) le etselitsoe ka ho khetheha liforomo tse phaphametseng kapa tse tsitsitseng, tse nang le bokhoni ba ho phahamisa ho tloha ho lithane tse 50 ho isa ho tse 300 tsa SWL le radii e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea ho sebetsa ea limithara tse 50.
MAXTECH: Jwalo ka moetsi ya tsebahalang wa China wa disebediswa tsa lewatle le tsa koung, letoto la MAXTECH la lattice boom crane (LBC) le lona le etseditswe ka ho kgetheha di-platform tse phaphametseng kapa tse tsitsitseng tsa lewatle. Ka tshebetso e ntle le moralo o motjha, letoto lena le fetohile kgetho e ntle bakeng sa ho sebetsana le thepa ya lewatle. Dihlahiswa tsa MAXTECH di na le disetifikeiti tse ngata tsa setjhaba sa dihlopha tsa matjhaba ho kenyeletswa ABS, BV, CCS, DNV, KR, le RS, mme di sebeletsa bareki lefatsheng ka bophara.
VIII. Litlhahiso tsa Khetho
Ha o kgetha crane ya lattice boom bakeng sa sethala sa oli sa lewatle, dintlha tse latelang tsa bohlokwa di lokela ho nahanelwa:
- Hlalosa litlhoko tsa ho phahamisa: Fumana bokgoni ba ho hula ka sehloohong le ba thuso ho latela boima bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa ba karolo e le 'ngoe, radius ea ho sebetsa, le bophahamo ba ho phahamisa bo hlokahalang bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea ho phahamisa sethala.
- Lekola maemo a tikoloho: Nahana ka maemo a moea le maqhubu, tekanyo ea mafome a spray ea letsoai, le karohano ea libaka tse sa phatloheng sebakeng sa leoatle moo sethala se leng teng.
- Netefatsa maemo a ho latela melao: Netefatsa hore sehlahisoa se fihlela litlhoko tsa litlhaloso tse kang API Spec 2C mme se fumane mangolo a loketseng a mokhatlo oa lihlopha.
- Khetha tharollo ea motlakase: Khetha har'a likhetho tsa diesel-hydraulic, electric-hydraulic, kapa tsa motlakase o felletseng ho latela maemo a phepelo ea motlakase ea sethala.
- Lekola tšebeletso ea kamora thekiso: Tlhaho e ikhethang ea ts'ebetso ea kantle ho naha e hloka hore bafepedi ba be le bokhoni ba karabelo e potlakileng le marang-rang a litšebeletso tsa lefats'e.
Ka melemo ea eona e ikhethang ea boima bo bobebe ba 'mele, ho tiea hantle, bokhoni bo matla ba ho phahamisa, sebaka se pharaletseng sa ho sebetsa, le ho hanyetsa moea ka tsela e phahameng, crane ea lattice boom e fetohile sesebelisoa sa bohlokoa sa bohlokoa liforomong tsa oli tsa leoatleng. Ho tloha ho khomarela ka tieo litekanyetso tsa machaba tse kang API Spec 2C ho isa ho sekoahelo sa bokhoni ba ho phahamisa ho tloha ho lithane tse 50 ho isa ho tse 300 le ho feta - crane ea lattice boom e ntse e le "mohloli o matla" o tšepahalang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea oli le khase ea leoatleng.
Ha tlhahlobo ea oli le khase ea lefats'e ka bophara e ntse e kenella metsing a tebileng le mafapha a ntseng a hlaha a kang matla a moea a lebōpong la leoatle a ntse a hola ka potlako, li-crane tsa lattice boom li tla tsoela pele ho bapala karolo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka lits'ebetsong tsa ho phahamisa lithane tse kholo, tse fihlang nako e telele, li fana ka tšehetso e tiileng ea tekheniki bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea matla a leoatle.
Nako ea poso: Phuptjane-25-2026
